So, the detailed answer:
- the previously mentioned sparkfun microphone seems good. Bulky, I would use the slightly more expensive, INMP401-based one, because it’s much smaller, but feel free to choose.
- the Xadow Audio has lot of extra stuff like ESD-protection, filter capacitors and inductors, they probably have really good reasons why are they used, try to make a similar setup for your mic.
- sadly I don’t own an oscilloscope (and also don’t have one of the mentioned mic boards) so I can’t 10000% tell, whether the signal levels are good or not. If the supply voltage is not super-high that could fry the input, then it’s safe, just don’t forget the coupling capacitor, and you can experiment with a protoboard + breakout board combo, if you disconnect the original audio board.