You should be able to call something like the following for max speed of the ADC: ADCSRA = (0 << ADPS2) | (0 << ADPS1) | (0 << ADPS0);
ADCSRA = (0 << ADPS2) | (0 << ADPS1) | (0 << ADPS0);
This sets the ADC prescaler value to the lowest value, you can adjust using the info in the chart above.